Handling Browser Windows using Python with Selenium

Handling Browser Windows:

• With the use of Selenium, it is possible to switch between different Tabs(Windows) in a browser and carry out actions on each page.
• Each browser window is assigned a unique address(Window name) that changes dynamically when the browser is opened.
• It is through these addresses only we are able to switch to and perform actions on different tabs.

How do we switch windows/tabs?

    By using the "switch_to.window()" function we do switch to different windows/tabs.

    Syntax: driver.switch_to.window(window name)

How to get the window names?

 In Selenium we have two different methods to get the addresses of windows.

    1. current_window_handle

    2. window_handles

current_window_handle: By using this function we can get the only address of the parent window(first window).

    Syntax: driver.current_window_handle

    Example:

1. parent_window = driver.current_window_handle
2. # print parent window address
3. print(parent_window)
4. # Switch to the parent window
5. driver.switch_to.window(parent_window)

window_handles: By using this function we can get All the windows addresses in a list. To access values in lists use the square brackets[ ] with the index.

    Syntax: driver.window_handles

    Example:

1. windows = driver.window_handles
2. # print the All windows addresses
3. print(windows)
4. # Switch to 1st window
5. driver.switch_to.window(window[0]) 

Example program:

1. import time
2. from selenium import webdriver
3. from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
4. 
   
5. driver = webdriver.Chrome()
6. driver.get("https://testingcolleges.blogspot.com/p/windowhandlingdemo1.html")
7. newTab = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@value, 'New Tab')]")
8. newTab.click() 
9. windows = driver.window_handles
10. # print all windows Addresses
11. print("All windows IDs: ", windows)
12. # switch to 1st window
13. driver.switch_to.window(windows[0])
14. time.sleep(2)
15. #switch to 2nd window
16. driver.switch_to.window(windows[1])
17. time.sleep(2)
18. driver.quite()

OUTPUT: