Creating Robot file & Components of Robot framework

Creating Robot Framework file:

# After doing all the setup, our PyCharm will be ready to create the robot file. 
# Every robot test case file has the extension '.robot'.

- Steps for creating a robot file:

> Right-Click on your Project/Package/Directory(based on where we need to create a robot file), select New then click on File.

> Give the name of the robot file with an extension .robot

> Example: form.robot (filename.robot)

Components of Robot Framework:

    Robot Framework scripts are mainly divided into four sections/components. By this, we can systematically arrange our script. The starting and ending names of every component must be *** (3 asterisks).

1.  *** Settings ***

2.  *** Variables ***

3.  *** Test Cases ***

4.  *** Keywords ***

*** Settings ***

    In this Settings section, we can add libraries and resources.

*** Variables ***

    In this Variables section, we will define variables that are commonly used in test cases.

*** Test Cases ***

    In this Test Cases section, we write multiple test cases with test scripts/keywords.

*** Keywords ***

    In this Keywords section, we create user define keywords.

------- *** -------

Example:

User story:

1.  As a user, I want to access the Facebook login page using the Chrome browser.

2.  I will input my username and password as abcd@gmail.com, followed by 123456.

3.  I will click on the Login Button.

4.  And then Close the browser. 

Programs:

1.  *** Settings ***
2.  Library  SeleniumLibrary
3.  
4.  *** Variables ***
5.  ${username}    abcd@gmail.com
6.  ${password}    123456
7.  
8.  *** Test Cases ***
9.  LoginTest
10.       Open Browser    https://www.facebook.com/    Chrome
11.         loginToApplication
12.         Close Browser
13.  
14.  *** Keywords ***
15.  loginToApplication
16.         Input Text    xpath://input[@id='email']    ${username}
17.         Input Text    xpath://input[@id='pass']    ${password}
18.         Click Button    Log in

We will learn all the above keywords in the coming sessions, now just try to understand the program.

#  In the *** Settings *** section, we imported a library called SeleniumLibrary. SeleniumLibrary contains a lot of keywords in the above programme we use some of the keywords supported by this library - Open Browser, Input Text, Click Button, Close Browser.

#  In the *** Variable *** section, we define 2 variables.

- username = abcd@gmail.com

- password = 123456

#  In the *** Keywords *** section, we created a user define keyword called loginToApplication. and that keyword has some actions to input a username and password and then click the login button.

- Here instead of giving username and password values directly, we give variables names with are declared in the *** Variables *** section.

- By using that variable names we can get their values here.

#  In the *** Test Cases *** section, we created a test case with the name LoginTest.

-  Here first it will open the Chrome browser then it will navigate to the Facebook login page.

-  Then it calls the loginToApplication keyword. Whatever action is inside that keyword they will be run here.

-  Finally, Browser will Close.